Mirror neuron system （MNS） represents one past decade, and it has been found to involve in multiple of the most important discoveries of cognitive neuroscience in the aspects of brain functions including action understanding, imitation, language understanding, empathy, action prediction and speech evolution. This manuscript reviewed the function of MNS in action understanding as well as language evolution, and specifically assessed its roles as the bridge from body language to fluent speeches. Then we discussed the speech defects of autism patients due to the disruption of MNS. Finally, given that MNS is plastic in adult brain, we proposed MNS targeted therapy provides an efficient rehabilitation approach for brain damages conditions as well as autism patients.
轴突的生长连接是神经发育生长的基础。在新生或发育中的神经系统中,可形成浓度梯度从而引导轴突生长的分子已发现的主要有如下几类:导素(Netrins)、信号素(Sem aphorins)、Eph相关受体酪胺酸激酶配体(L igands of Eph-related receptor tyrosine k inases)和Slit蛋白等。生长锥通过其表面受体感应浓度的梯度变化并据此改变神经元细胞的生长方向。本文总结了一些轴突生长导向因子的作用及相关理论。
